Narwhal Whales.

Narwhal fast-facts sheet

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Are narwhals endangered

A pod of narwhals off Greenland, several showing long single tusks
Photo: Dr. Kristin Laidre, NOAA / public domain
IUCN status
Least Concern
Main pressures
Climate change, shipping noise, hunting

Narwhals are not currently classified as endangered. On the IUCN Red List the species is assessed as Least Concern, reflecting a global population that is relatively large and not in steep overall decline. That status, however, does not mean narwhals are free of pressure. They face threats from climate change and shrinking sea ice, increasing Arctic shipping and noise, and localised hunting, and some individual stocks may be more vulnerable than the global picture suggests. Because narwhals depend so heavily on a rapidly changing ice environment and show strong fidelity to specific areas, ongoing monitoring and careful management remain important to their future.

A pod of narwhals showing the spiral configuration of the single tusk
Photo: Dr. Kristin Laidre, NOAA / public domain

Sources: IUCN Red List — Narwhal (Monodon monoceros); NOAA Fisheries — Narwhal. Educational information only. See our sources & fact-check policy.

Frequently asked questions

IUCN status of the are narwhals endangered?

Least Concern

Main pressures of the are narwhals endangered?

Climate change, shipping noise, hunting

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Narwhal fast-facts sheet

The key narwhal facts — the tusk, diet, size, habitat and conservation status — on one page. Free.

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